By Cliff Walsh


Some studies have shown that only 60% or so of Americans read the Nutrition Facts panel on food packaging and only 50% read ingredient lists. Reading food labels and ingredients lists and understanding how to interpret the information is key to making healthy food choices, and something Americans obviously need to do a better job of, given that roughly 35% of the U.S. adult population is estimated to be obese.

Food companies don't make it easy to find out what's in their food. They uses the smallest type possible. They don't want you to know how unhealthy their product is or what unpronounceable chemicals you're eating. The powerful food lobby spends a great deal of money keeping transparency to a minimum and your focus on the front of the package where they make marketing claims that often lack oversight or don't mean what you think they mean.

The FDA mandates the use of the nutritional panel on all food packaging. It alerts consumers to macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals in their food. It also provides information on serving size and the percentage each ingredient makes up of the government's recommended daily amount. The first order of business when reading food labels is to make sure the serving sizes are close to the amount you typically eat. If you are going to eat five helpings, those seven grams of fat or 200 calories, then you need to adjust the numbers you're reading.

This is based off of a 2,000 calorie diet and only helps you understand what the recommended daily amounts are for this calorie level. If you eat more or less than that, you have to adjust. Many people misunderstand this point and think the percentages represent the fat, carbs, or proteins percentage of the total nutritional value. If you take a 100 calorie meal that has 5g of fat, the product is 45% fat while the RDA % will show only 7%. The smaller the serving size, the more you have to be careful of this issue.

There are a few things to consider when reading food labels and ingredient lists. First, ingredients are listed in size order from largest to smallest. Sugar listed first can be significantly different than if it's listed last. Also, the fewer the ingredients, usually is better, but not always. You still have to read the list to see what's there and assess each ingredient.

Based on the massive amounts of chemical additives in our food supply, there's a good chance you're not familiar with a wide variety of the ingredients in today's processed foods. I ask two questions when this happens. First, do I need my high school chemistry book? Second, would I use this if I was cooking from scratch? If you answer yes and no, respectively, it's probably best to avoid. I don't think Grandma ever tasted her gumbo or pasta sauce and said, "This could use some sodium benzoate, disodium chloride, and aspartame."

I recommend completely disregarding marketing claims on the front of the package. Go directly to the Nutrition Facts panel and ingredient lists. If you are going to use label marketing claims (which have so many loopholes, they're virtually useless), I suggest using them as a starting point for further investigation. It also helps to know what claims are regulated and which aren't as well as what they actually mean. They are often misleading. Did you know there can be fat in a no-fat product? These marketing claims are not what they seem. If you're going to eat processed foods, make them as clean as possible. To do that, you have to read your food ingredient labels.




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