By Brenda Kelly


Cupping therapy is a form of alternative medicine in which cups are placed on the skin to promote blood flow. A form of ancient medicine from China, Egypt and the Middle East, hijama in US is experiencing increased popularity. The use of cupping therapy has been traced back to 1550 BC, centuries before Moses' time. There is some evidence the practice began as early as 3000 BC. The cups may be made from bamboo, glass, or earthenware.

Typically, western medical practitioners are skeptical of this ancient practice, although the prophet Muhammad himself was said to be highly in favor of it. Today, it is applied for a number of ailments, among them, Herpes zoster, paralysis of the face, acne, and spondylosis of the neck. Some patients request it to improve general health and wellness.

The underlying mechanism proposed to be involved in its observed efficacy is that it removes toxic substances from the body. In the United Kingdom, people with an autoimmune disorder called Fibromyalgia are starting to request it. FM is a life-limiting condition and anything that relieves the suffering is worth a shot. It is also used in asthma, depression, anxiety, and migraine headaches.

In the USA, cupping is used to "cleanse" the heart, liver, and digestive system among other systems. It is in routine use for chronic pain, fatigue, lethargy, and mild cognitive impairment, or brain fog.

There is as yet limited scientific evidence in the form of clinical trials to back up the treatment, although it does exist. A clinical trial was conducted in Iran and reported in 2009 that wet-cupping was effective in patients with nonspecific low back pain. In a different study, 70 patients with chronic migraine and tension experienced up to 66 percent reduction in severity of headache pain following wet cup therapy.

The process begins with the application and ignition of a flammable substance to the inside of the cups. After the flames die down, the cups are turned upside down and applied to the surface of the patient's skin. The substance is usually alcohol, paper or specific herbs. A vacuum is established when the cups cool down, drawing a shallow dome of skin into the cups. As this happens, the blood vessels increase in caliber.

Some practitioners use a more modern technique of using a rubber or silicon pump to create the vacuum. Medical grade silicon cups are pliable enough that they can be moved around on the patient's skin to simulate a massage effect.

Dry cupping relies on the use of suction only. In wet cupping, the patient's bleeding is carefully manipulated. Here, the cup is removed after a few minutes and a series of superficial scratches are made in the skin using a special cupping scalpel. The whole process looks really weird and painful, but patients report only mild discomfort. After the scratches, the cups are replaced and left for several minutes. Blood rises out of the scratches and pools inside the cups. Once the cups come off, the practitioner gently collects the pooled blood using soft, absorbent toweling. The cups are disposed of and the area of the skin underneath them is cleaned gently with antiseptic solution. With the upward pressure off, the bleeding ceases right away. Patients often report feeling relaxed and like they want to sleep.




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